Emmy Noether (1882-1935). German mathematician whose theorem on symmetries and conservation laws (Noether's theorem) is foundational to modern theoretical physics, and whose work on abstract algebra established the field's modern structural approach. Noether taught for years at Göttingen without pay or formal title because the university would not appoint women to the faculty; she lectured under Hilbert's name. The cognitive signature is the discovery specialty operating in a domain that rewards extreme abstraction — Noether thought directly in algebraic structures, with little visualization or computation, and could derive results her colleagues could not follow without years of catching up to her vocabulary. She was forced out of Germany by the Nazi regime in 1933 and spent her last two years teaching at Bryn Mawr in the United States. Hermann Weyl called her "the most significant creative mathematical genius thus far produced since the higher education of women began." The integration apparatus around her was thin during her lifetime; the discipline she founded (modern abstract algebra) has been doing the integration work in retrospect for nearly a century.