Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951). Austrian-British philosopher whose two major works — the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and the posthumous Philosophical Investigations — represent two distinct and partly contradictory approaches to the philosophy of language, both of which have been load-bearing for Anglo-American philosophy for a century. Wittgenstein's biographical record reads recognizably as autistic-coded: he lived in extreme simplicity (a cabin in Norway for stretches), was unable to tolerate the social atmosphere of Cambridge faculty life despite being one of the dominant figures there, gave away the family fortune he inherited (it was the largest in Austria) because he could not bear the moral weight of holding it, taught primary school in rural Austria for years as a respite from academic philosophy, and spent the Second World War working as a hospital porter rather than continuing his Cambridge professorship. His cognitive signature is the discovery specialty operating in philosophy at exceptional intensity, with monotropic focus on a small number of foundational questions (what language does, what understanding is) sustained over decades. The integration partner was Bertrand Russell, who recognized Wittgenstein's ability when nobody else had, and the Cambridge analytic tradition that absorbed and propagated the work. (Speculative case; never clinically assessed.)